Mythbuster: Steel Toe Boots Can Sever or Amputate My Toes So I’m Safer Without Them

This is the number one excuse we hear for guys or girls that just don’t want to wear steel toed boots.  If I had a 30 lb anvil and you had to have it dropped on your toes and I gave you three choices for your feet: 

1. Barefoot 
2. Regular work boots no steel toe 
3. ANSI Approved Steel Toe Work Boots or shoes 

Which would you choose?

Adam and Jamie of the Mythbusters actually covered this subject very well and the myth was totally busted. This was Mythbusters episode 42.  Their final result:
Steel toe boots have a higher amputation risk than regular boots: myth busted

Steel Cap Amputation
Myth: Steel-toed boots are more dangerous than regular boots — if something falls on the boots, the steel can curl in and cut off your toes.

(Remember…this is what the believers of this myth are saying. When something heavy hits the boot toe it causes the steel toe cap in the boot to compress down cutting off the toes. It’s not the object falling on the foot that causes the amputation but the object causing enough force that the steel toe cap in  the boot clamps down, cutting through the foot and bone and severing the toes.)

They were able to find one occurrence of amputation while wearing steel-toed boots occurring in real life. In 2002, an Australian worker lost his 3rd toe when some steel pipes feel from a forklift.

Adam and Jamie constructed various tests for this myth using both a guillotine toe-smasher and an arbor-press. Initially they used frangible feet that Adam made, but it turned out that they made a mistake in assuming that their frangible feet would model real human feet being crushed. For better comparisons they ended up using clay.

Frangible Feet Construction
Adam constructed frangible feet to test with based on landmine frangible feet. After testing chicken legs, bamboo, and fiberglass as substitutes for human bones, he decided to use fiberglass bones. The bones were set in a ballistics gel cast of Adam’s leg.

NOTE: in turned out that the results from this test were somewhat invalid. After testing with the steel-toed boots they tested with the regular boots and discovered that the ballistics gel was too springy and was invalidating their results.

Setup: * Guillotine-style toe crusher that drops a flag metal bar onto the toe of a boot beneath. * Used the highest-rated (ANSI-75) steel toe boots.

Results: * 75lbs from 3 feet (official ANSI test height and weight): mashed the leather down a bit, but nothing injurious. * 400lbs from 3 ft: more deformation in the steel plate, but only damage to frangible foot was a broken metatarsal (big toe). Adam: “I want to see some toes cut off or crushed beyond all recognition” * 400lbs from 6 ft: a lot of pancaking of steel cap and lots of broken bones beneath, but no toe amputation.

They didn’t detail the results from the regular boot because of their discovery about the ballistics gel being too springy.

Guillotine drop on boots filled with clay
Because of the ballistics gel problem they decided to use clay instead of the frangible bone legs they had constructed. Clay is the method ANSI uses to test boots.

At the official test height of 3ft with 75lbs there was 0.5″ of clay compression with the steel-toe boot, which is exactly to spec. The regular boot failed horribly, with the clay being completely splattered.

Arbor press test to find total failure point
They used an arbor press to squish boots to their total failure point. The steel-toe boot was able to take 6000lbs of pressure before total failure; the regular boot was only able to take about 1200lbs, which was hard to measure as it failed so quickly.

Shearing attachment tests
In order to test a worst case scenario, they made a shearing attachment, which was a thin metal plate that would hit the boot on edge. They mounted the shearing attachment to the arbor press: at 750 lbs it broke every bone in the frangible foot; at 1400 lbs it severed all the bones in the feet.

They then mounted the shearing attachment on the guillotine and raised it to it’s max height of 6ft and max weight of 400lbs. The blade glanced off the steel plate, shearing the entire shoe in half. They tested again and got the same result. In this particular scenario, were a heavy blade to drop on your foot you could actually lose more of your foot as the steel cap could direct the glade further up the foot as it did in the test. This isn’t the failure mode described in the tests (remember…the myth is the steel toe cap cuts the toes off…not the object falling), though, and regardless of what type of boot you used there would be amputation.

Mythbusted: They had to mount a blade in order to get amputation with the steel toe boot and all their other tests showed much more damage to the foot when regular boots are used.

Opiods and Chronic Pain

Did your workers compensation rates increase at your 2013 renewal

You just received your 2013 workers compensation renewal, the premium increased and your experience modification (E Mod) did as well.   Do you know why, specifically?  Are you satisfied with your brokers answers?    Do you have a plan to reverse  this trend?  If you don’t know exactly why and you don’t have a plan to reverse this trend, then expect to pay a lot more for your workers compensation in the years to come.

Many companies with  higher than expected injury rates experienced a substantial increase in their workers compensation premiums at their January 1, 2013 renewal.  As projected, the new split point changes to the E Mod formula increased your E Mod and consequently your premium.  Whether you realize it or not, your  E Mod in excess of 1.0 caused insurance companies to view you differently and gave them the green light to raise your premiums on top of the increased E Mod.  When Insurance companies price your policies, they place you in rate tiers based on your E Mod and when your E Mod goes up, guess what, so do your rates.

If you didn’t go into 2013 with a plan to reverse this trend, you need to act now to avoid a fall off your own “fiscal workers compensation cost cliff”.  Here is what we recommend:

• Your safety and risk management departments need to immediately become a more of a critical component to your business model.  If you don’t have a plan in place, hire an experienced occupational health & safety professional to help you implement a plan quickly
• If your company has an E-Mod of 1.2 or higher, you need to take drastic steps to reduce your injury rate now.   Again, an experienced professional knows how to help and has a specific plan to address this issue
• The reserves on all of your Workers Comp claims will now be more important than ever.  If you do not have online access, it may be good to check with your carrier to see if online access is available.  Without the ability to accesses your WC claims and get real time data you will be unable to make sound business decisions to affect the outcomes of these injuries.  Do not wait around to your next renewal, like you have in the past to feel the impact
• Alternative insurance  arrangements such as large deductibles, self insurance, loss groups, risk retention groups, and captives may now be more attractive and cost effective.  Caution, if you don’t have plan in place to control injuries and the costs associated with these injuries, alternative (loss sensitive) arrangements are not a viable option
• If your company is in the Assigned Risk Pool because you cannot find coverage in the voluntary marketplace, you need to immediately institute or increase the efforts of your safety program.  Failure to do so, will increase your premiums to the point where you may have to close your doors